Total Volume of Cardiothoracic Surgeries 2020 (N=4,161), 2021 (N=3,991) & 2022 (N=4,447)

In 2022, IJN surgeons performed a total of 4,447 cardiothoracic surgeries including:

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
Congenital Heart Surgery
Heart valve repair and replacement

Open and Closed Heart Surgeries

In 2022, IJN surgeons performed 2,886 open heart surgeries and 1,241 closed heart surgeries:

Open Heart: CABG, Congenital Heart surgery, Heart valve repair and replacement, Aortic root surgery.
Closed Heart: Thoracic surgery, Vascular surgery, Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) ligation, Blalock Taussig (BT) Shunt, Coarctation repair.

Cardiothoracic Surgeries by Category

Total No. of Cardiothoracic Surgeries
No	Categories	2020	2021	2022
1	CABG	1500	1340	1489
2	VALVE SURGERY	432	329	398
3	VALVE + CABG(COMBINE)	152	187	178
4	AORTIC SURGERY	84	342	418
5	CONGENITAL HEART SURGERY SIMPLE & COMPLEX	711	678	716
6	THORACIC SURGERY	188	145	204
7	SPECIALTY CASES + OTHERS	1094	970	1044
TOTAL		4161	3991	4447

Risk Factors for Cardiac Surgeries 2020 – 2022 (N = 6105)

Patients with a complex medical background present greater challenges for cardiac surgery. Almost half the patients had diabetes mellitus at time of surgery, and more than two thirds had hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.

In 2022, patients who have had cardiac surgeries had more complex backgrounds than patients at comparable hospitals as evidenced by higher EuroSCORE – Parsonnet average risk scores.

Risk Factors of Cardiac Surgeries
No	MEDICAL BACKGROUND	2020	2021	2022
1	BMI>35	4.1%	4.4%	3.4%
2	CSS4	0.8%	1.3%	1.2%
3	NYHA IV	0.5%	0.1%	0.5%
4	Non-elective	24.8%	19.2%	16.1%
5	EF: Moderate / Very Poor	53.5%	54.1%	53.3%
6	Previous Cardiac Surgery	3.0%	2.0%	2.6%
7	Diabetes	49.9%	50.1%	47.4%
8	Hypertension	75.3%	75.4%	74.7%
9	Smoking	11.7%	10.9%	36.1%
10	Hypercholesterolemia	75.1%	79.7%	74.8%
11	Renal Disease	24.3%	25.2%	18.4%

Actual and Predicted Survival Rates for All Types of Open Heart Surgeries

All operations

The survival rate for all open heart surgery was 94.4% in 2022, which is better than the predicted survival rate estimated by the Parsonnet scoring system.

Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

The survival rate for isolated CABG surgery was 96.1% in 2022, which is better than the predicted survival rate estimated by the Parsonnet scoring system.

Mortality Rate for Isolated Mitral Valve Repair, 2020 to 2022 (Total no. of Isolated Mitral Valve Repair patient, N = 136)

Mitral Valve Repair is preferred over valve replacement whenever suitable. We report that there was no death (mortality) for patients undergoing mitral valve repair from 2020 to 2022.

Mortality Rate for Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) and related procedures, 2020 to 2022

VSD Closure is the commonest surgery for acyanotic congenital heart defects. The death (mortality) rate for simple VSD closure is 0% in 2022..

Mortality Rate for Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) Correction and related procedures, 2020 to 2022

TOF correction is the most common surgery performed for cyanotic congenital heart defects. The death (mortality) rate for simple TOF correction is 1.1% in 2022.

Surgical Overview